Compiled from the following sources:
Special biographic research
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2002-2006
Who's Who, Current Chinese Leaders
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2003-2005
Zhongguo Gongchandang Lijie Zhongyang Weiyuan Dacidian, 1921-2003
Beijing: Zhonggong dangshi chubanshe 2004
People's Daily Online
XINHUA Online (China View)
Revision History:
Biography Revised: 1/2/2012
Career Data Updated: 1/2/2012
Member, 17th CPC, Central Committee; Deputy Director, Foreign Affairs Committee of the NPC